National Progress Report: Indonesia

Indonesia's commitment to the pursuit of nuclear disarmament, non-proliferation and the peaceful uses of nuclear energy - the three pillars of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty - is total and absolute. The best way to stop proliferation and to ensure that nuclear and radioactive materials are not diverted for terrorist act is by realizing the goal of a world free of nuclear weapon. Indonesia calls upon all nations to promote universal adoption and full implementation of multilateral treaties whose aim are to prevent the proliferation of nuclear, biological and chemical weapons.

The progress made by Indonesia in the field of nuclear security, have been among others:

A.     Non-Proliferation and Disarmament related issues

1. In the Southeast Asia region, efforts to realize nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation continue. During its Chairmanship in ASEAN in 2011, Indonesia had facilitated the conclusion of the negotiations on the revised Southeast Asian Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty (SEANWFZ) Protocol between ASEAN member states and Nuclear-Weapon States (NWS). This year Indonesia encourages the convening of consultations between ASEAN Member States and NWS with a view to the signing of the relevant instruments that enable NWS ratifying the Protocol of SEANWFZ.

2. Indonesia has ratified the Comprehensive-Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) by Law No 1 of 2012, and submitted its instrument of ratification to the United Nations Secretary General, as the depository of the Treaty, in February 2012. This is a significant step toward the global prohibition of nuclear-test explosions and through its ratification, Indonesia has called on the remaining Annex II countries to step out and start their own ratification process.

3. Since 2013 the Government has started the process of drawing up a draft law on nuclear security with the view to submit it to the parliament in 2016. The Government of Indonesia sees the importance to strengthen its national legislation which in turn can reinforce and complement existing law such as the Law No. 10 Year 1997 on Nuclear Energy. The law is expected to cover, inter alia, total prohibition of the use, possession and transfer of nuclear weapons; strengthening transfer control and nuclear and radioactive materials, and enhancing national nuclear security architecture.

4. Indonesia has acceded the International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism (ICSANT) by Law No 10 of 2014. The accession of ICSANT will strengthen the existing legislation regarding nuclear security, improve the legal framework and reinforce better national measures on nuclear security.

5. Indonesia has ratified the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material (CPPNM) and its amendment. Indonesia has ratified the CPPNM through Presidential Decree No 49 of 1986 and its amendment through Presidential Regulation No 46 of 2009.

B. Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy and its relations with Nuclear Security

1. Indonesia has endorsed the implementation of the Guidance on the Import and Export of Radioactive Sources, supplementary to the Code of Conduct on the Safety and Security of Radioactive Sources and has been incorporated through Indonesia National Single Window (INSW)

2. Indonesia has issued the Government Regulation No 54 of 2012 on the Safety and Security of Nuclear Installations and the Government Regulation No 2 of 2014 on Licensing of Nuclear Installations.

3. Indonesia continues to strengthen national coordination on the implementation of the Additional Protocol to the IAEA Safeguards Agreement with relevant stakeholders.

4. Indonesia recognizes the importance of developing strong co-operation in the Asia Pacific region to improve and strengthen the non-proliferation regime through the Asia Pacific Safeguard Network (APSN).

5. Indonesia has issued the Government Regulation No 58 of 2015 on Radiation safety and Security in transport of radioactive materials.

6. Indonesia continues to strengthen nuclear security legislation framework by initiating draft of Nuclear Security Law.

7. Indonesia has revised the National Design Basis Threat (DBT) in 2014. The DBT is reviewed regularly and the next revision of DBT will cover the security of radioactive sources.

8. Indonesia continues to strengthen the security of its radioactive sources at industrial and medical facilities. Indonesia will establish a national network on the security of radioactive sources.

9. Indonesia cooperates with the IAEA to strengthen the existing network of Radiation Portal Monitors (RPMs) in the key seaports. Indonesia plans to expand the monitoring program to selected border stations.

10. Indonesia has established a mobile expert support team (MEST) and developed a qualification program of related personnel in the detection and response to illicit trafficking of nuclear and radioactive materials.

11. Indonesia continues to develop an international action plan on nuclear security under the Integrated Nuclear Security Support Plan (INSSP). In addition, Indonesia continues to strengthen co-operation with other regulatory agencies in other countries on nuclear security.

12. Indonesia has declared the commencement of the Authorized Economic Operator (AEO) program to anticipate the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) in 2015.

13. Indonesia has launched the Centre of Excellence on Nuclear Security and Emergency Preparedness (I-CoNSEP) in 2014 to contribute the development of nuclear security at national and regional level.

14. With the support of the IAEA and cooperation with various international partners, Indonesia has carried out self-assesment on nuclear security culture in accordance with implementation guidelines of the IAEA Nuclear Security Series No. 7 to assess the implementation of nuclear security culture in all nuclear facilities.

15. Indonesia is currently implementing the Human Reliability Program (HRP) to ensure that all personnel who work at nuclear facilities meet the necessary requirements, especially with regard to nuclear security.

16. Indonesia, in cooperation with various international partners, has conducted performance test on physical protection system of nuclear facilities, which was aimed to ensure the effectiveness of nuclear security at those facilities.

17. Indonesia is now in the process of drafting guidelines of nuclear security culture tailored to national characteristics in order to foster the implementation of nuclear security culture.

18. Indonesia is committed to downblending HEU (High Enriched Uranium) to LEU (Low Enriched Uranium). At the time being, the licensing application of the aforementioned activity is under review process.

Other Initiatives

1. Indonesia has submitted the National Legislation Implementation Kit as house gift in the 2014 Nuclear Security Summit with the objective to help States with building blocks to develop Comprehensive national legislation in accordance with their own respective legal cultures and internal legal processes.

2. Indonesia has established and submitted Safeguards Implementation Kit in the APSN annual meeting in 2014. The objective of the legislation kit is to give good examples to the member states on the implementation on safeguards and additional protocol.

3. Indonesia has shared knowledge, among others, by sending its staff as lecturers or participants in expert missions (IPPAS and INSSP), participating in meetings (Member of AdSec), and has sent its staff as a cost-free expert in nuclear security (INSSP) to the IAEA.

4. Indonesia has recently welcome a IAEA mission related to nuclear security, which is a follow up IPPAS mission in 2014, to strengthen physical protection in nuclear installations and radiation facilities.

5. Indonesia has conducted and participated in meetings or workshops regarding Nuclear Security and Safeguards in 2015, such as:  

Trainings and Workshops

• Regulation Review on Security and Safeguard
• Regulation Review on Nuclear Emergency Preparedness
• Radioactive Source Security Officer
• Radioactive Source Security for Security Officer in BAPETEN
• Basic Training on Nuclear Security
• Training of Nuclear Security for Management Level
• Training of Nuclear Security and Emergency Preparedness
• Radioactive Source Security Inspector Simulation Training
• Regulations and Radiological Sabotage Training
• Safeguards by Design
• Search and Secure Training
• Nuclear Security Culture and Human Reliability Workshop
• Workshop on Security Culture for Senior Managers
• Workshop on Security Culture for Regulators
• IAEA Regional Training Course on Computer

Additional Activities

• Conducting National Safeguards Awareness Workshop, a collaboration with IAEA.
• Conducting National Roundtable on the Development of National Regulatory Guidance for Nuclear Security Culture (NSC), a collaboration with University of Georgia, USA, and supported by the IAEA and US Department of State Partnership for Nuclear Security (PNS)

. In cooperation with the IAEA and the Center for International Trade Security University of Georgia, establishing a Center for Security Culture and Assessment dedicated for nuclear security culture.

7. Indonesia is currently in the process of establishing Nuclear Cyber Security Specialization Doctoral Degree Programme incorporated within Computer Science Department of Mathematic and Natural Science Faculty in Gadjah Mada University.

8. Indonesia has installed seven RPM (Radiation Portal Monitor) in main harbours (Batam, Balawan, Makassar, Bitung, Tanjung Priuk, Tanjung Perak, and Semarang) to strengthen the nuclear security detection.

9. Indonesia has initiated the infrastructures in supporting the I-CoNSEP programme in creating regional center of exellence in nuclear security.